Social Justice in Urban–Rural Flood Exposure: A Case Study of Nanjing, China

Yi Chen, Hui Liu (), Zhicong Ye, Hao Zhang, Bifeng Jiang and Yang Zhang
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Yi Chen: School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Hui Liu: School of Government, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China
Zhicong Ye: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
Hao Zhang: School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Bifeng Jiang: School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Yang Zhang: School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 9, 1-14

Abstract: The environmental justice research on urban–rural exposure to flooding is underdeveloped and few empirical studies have been conducted in China. This study addresses this gap by exploring the probabilities of exposure to floods (10-, 20-, and 50-year) and examining the relationship between vulnerable groups and flooding in Nanjing, an important central city on the Yangtze River. Statistical analysis is based on multivariable generalised estimating equation (GEE) models that describe sociodemographic disparities at the census-tract level. The results revealed that (1) highly educated people in the urban centre are more likely to live in areas with high flood risk because of the abundance of education resources, and employment opportunities are concentrated in the urban centre. (2) Natives in suburban areas are more likely to live in flood-prone areas due to their favourable ecological environments near rivers and lakes. (3) Women in rural areas are more likely to live in high-flood-risk zones because most of the men are migrant workers. These findings highlight the urgent need to develop mitigation strategies to reduce flood exposure, especially in districts with high proportions of socially disadvantaged people. The linkages between rural and urban areas need to be strengthened in order to reduce flood exposure.

Keywords: environmental justice; flood exposure risk; social inequality; generalised estimation equation; Nanjing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:9:p:1588-:d:916783

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