Rooting the Future; On-Farm Trees’ Contribution to Household Energy Security and Asset Creation as a Resilient Development Pathway—Evidence from a 20-Year Panel in Rural Ethiopia

Nathan Morrow, Luca Salvati, Andrea Colantoni and Nancy Mock
Additional contact information
Nathan Morrow: School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
Luca Salvati: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00198 Rome, Italy
Andrea Colantoni: Department of Agriculture and Forest Science, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
Nancy Mock: School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA

Sustainability, 2018, vol. 10, issue 12, 1-24

Abstract: Most rural people globally cook with firewood or other sources of biomass. When biomass that has more productive uses is instead burnt, it is a sign of household level energy insecurity. Burning crop residue and dung for fuel reduces the availability of fertilizer and fodder, as well as directly contributes to poor health outcomes. Ethiopia is largely deforested, and now many of Ethiopia’s trees are on farms rather than in forests. The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship of on-farm trees to household-level energy security, rural livelihoods, and wellbeing. Using an econometric model with 20-year panel data from rural Ethiopia, we find on-farm trees contribute to building the household’s most valuable asset: their home. By contributing to household-level energy security, we find on-farm trees increase crop residue availability for maintaining the rural household’s second most valuable asset: their livestock. Large development efforts, including integrated water management projects and investment programs from the World Bank, are increasingly recognizing contributions of trees on farms, and environmental quality in general, as important contributing factors to meeting sustainable development outcomes. Asset creation related to on-farm trees and improved home biomass management provides a compelling pathway for building resilience, maintaining wellbeing, and reinforcing the foundation of rural livelihoods.

Keywords: Africa; rural livelihoods; wellbeing outcomes; on-farm trees; resilience pathways (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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