Life Cycle Assessment of Forest-Based Products: A Review

Kamalakanta Sahoo, Richard Bergman, Sevda Alanya-Rosenbaum, Hongmei Gu and Shaobo Liang
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Kamalakanta Sahoo: Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA
Richard Bergman: Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA
Sevda Alanya-Rosenbaum: Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA
Hongmei Gu: Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA
Shaobo Liang: Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA

Sustainability, 2019, vol. 11, issue 17, 1-30

Abstract: Climate change, environmental degradation, and limited resources are motivations for sustainable forest management. Forests, the most abundant renewable resource on earth, used to make a wide variety of forest-based products for human consumption. To provide a scientific measure of a product’s sustainability and environmental performance, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method is used. This article provides a comprehensive review of environmental performances of forest-based products including traditional building products, emerging (mass-timber) building products and nanomaterials using attributional LCA. Across the supply chain, the product manufacturing life-cycle stage tends to have the largest environmental impacts. However, forest management activities and logistics tend to have the greatest economic impact. In addition, environmental trade-offs exist when regulating emissions as indicated by the latest traditional wood building product LCAs. Interpretation of these LCA results can guide new product development using biomaterials, future (mass) building systems and policy-making on mitigating climate change. Key challenges include handling of uncertainties in the supply chain and complex interactions of environment, material conversion, resource use for product production and quantifying the emissions released.

Keywords: life cycle assessment; lumber; engineered wood products; mass timber; nanocellulose (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (10)

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