Perceived Sustainable Urbanization Based on Geographically Hierarchical Data Structures in Nanjing, China

Keyu Zhai, Xing Gao, Yuerong Zhang and Meiling Wu
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Keyu Zhai: School of Education, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
Xing Gao: Bartlett School of Planning, University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK
Yuerong Zhang: Bartlett School of Planning, University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK
Meiling Wu: Bartlett School of Planning, University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK

Sustainability, 2019, vol. 11, issue 8, 1-16

Abstract: Concentrating on geographically hierarchical data structures and using large-scale satisfaction survey data in Nanjing, this study employs Bayesian spatial multilevel model (MLM) to evaluate Nanjing’s perceived sustainable urbanization. In this study, we consider the geographically hierarchical data structures and the city’s individual perceptions of sustainable urbanization to explore the effect of environment and self-rated health on perceived sustainable urbanization, controlling for individual sociodemographic attributes and household. Through clarifying the spatial dependence and heterogeneity, this paper provides a flexible framework for assessing sustainable urbanization and dealing with the geographical hierarchical data. In particular, by drawing on existing studies, our questionnaire is more representative of the overall characteristics of Nanjing’s population than census data, which can be helpful for understanding whether urbanization is sustainable from individual perspective and further for correcting practices. Based on a survey of 10,077 questionnaires, this paper finds the geographically hierarchical data structures have significantly influenced the evaluation of sustainable urbanization, and the Bayesian spatial MLM is an effective tool for evaluating China’s sustainable urbanization. In particular, this paper takes spatial effects into consideration and compares the geographically hierarchical data. Results show that spatial patterns significantly influence the assessment of sustainable urbanization, and perceived pollution, age, education level, and income are the four key factors influencing individual perceived sustainable urbanization.

Keywords: sustainable urbanization; sustainability evaluation; geographically hierarchical data; sustainable cities; urban development; spatial statistics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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