The Effects of Ambient Illumination, Color Combination, Sign Height, and Observation Angle on the Legibility of Wayfinding Signs in Metro Stations

Yuqi Shi, Yi Zhang, Tao Wang, Chaoyang Li and Shengqiang Yuan
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Yuqi Shi: Department of Transportation Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Yi Zhang: Department of Transportation Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Tao Wang: Department of Transportation Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Chaoyang Li: Department of Transportation Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Shengqiang Yuan: Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: Well-designed wayfinding signs play an important role in improving the service level of metro stations, ensuring the safety of passengers in evacuation, and promoting the sustainable development of public transport. This study explored the effects of ambient illumination, color combination, sign height, and observation angle on wayfinding signs’ legibility in metro stations. In the experiment, simulated metro-wayfinding signs were made to test legibility. As designed, the legibility was measured based on the following independent variables: two levels of ambient illumination (70 lux and 273 lux), two target/background color combinations (achromatic-white target on black background, chromatic-yellow target on black background), two sign heights (1.5 m and 2 m), and three observation angles (0°, 45°, 70°). The results showed that brighter ambient illumination provided passengers with higher legibility. Achromatic color combination was more legible than chromatic color combination, but not significantly. Different types of signs, set at different height, did not directly affect legibility. Observation angle had significant effects on legibility. Visibility catchment area of wayfinding signs was like an ellipse, with its short axis nearly equal to the legibility distance of the sign at 0 degrees. The findings will facilitate the layout and setting location of wayfinding signs in metro stations and improve the level of wayfinding service.

Keywords: wayfinding signs; legibility; metro station; ambient illumination; observation angle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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