Classifying Aged Li-Ion Cells from Notebook Batteries

Felipe Salinas and Julia Kowal
Additional contact information
Felipe Salinas: Chair of Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Julia Kowal: Chair of Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: A dataset consisting of 90 lithium-ion cells obtained from old notebook batteries containing their response to 100 charge–discharge cycles is presented. The resulting degradation patterns are assigned to four clusters and related to possible aging mechanisms. The records in the battery management system (BMS) of each battery are analyzed to understand the influence of first life conditions in the measured degradation patterns. The analysis reveals that a cluster of cells which experienced mostly calendar aging in 7–13 years hold ~90% of the rated capacity, and exhibit at 0.4 C discharge a linear capacity degradation throughout cycling comparable to new cells. In contrast, a cluster of cells that experienced extensive calendar and cyclic aging can lose ~50% capacity at 0.4 C discharge in a few cycles after reutilization. A model based on a boosted decision tree is applied to forecast the cluster of each cell, using as features the capacity measured in the first cycle, and the records obtained from the BMS. The highest accuracy (83%) is obtained through capacity, where misclassification arises from two clusters containing highly degraded cells with similar initial capacities, but divergent degradation patterns.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery; second life; 18650 cell; circular economy; k-means clustering; boosted decision tree; lithium plating (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3620/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3620/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3620-:d:352591

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().