Assessing the Greenhouse Gas Impact of a Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariff Policy in Mozambique: Towards NDC Ambition and Recommendations to Effectively Measure, Report, and Verify Its Implementation

Emília Inês Come Zebra, Gilberto Mahumane, Federico Antonio Canu and Ana Cardoso
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Emília Inês Come Zebra: Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
Gilberto Mahumane: Department of Physics, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo CP. 257, Mozambique
Federico Antonio Canu: UNEP DTU Partnership, Department of Technology, Management, and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Ana Cardoso: UNEP DTU Partnership, Department of Technology, Management, and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-21

Abstract: Parties to the Paris Agreement (PA) have agreed on the goal of limiting the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C and are pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5 °C. Countries’ nationally determined contributions (NDCs) comprise the main framework used to achieve this. In this context, Mozambique?s NDC includes, amongst other actions, increased renewable energy (RE) generation. This article presents the results of the assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts of the Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariff (REFIT), using the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) system model, in order to determine its potential contribution to Mozambique?s NDC’s goals and RE targets. Results from this study show that the REFIT regulation can be expected to contribute to reducing 0.34 MtCO 2 eq (0.6% of the NDC target for the electricity sector) by 2030, compared to a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario. However, the NDC ambition could be enhanced through the REFIT and contribute to reducing 2.54 MtCO 2 eq (4.3% of the NDC target for the electricity sector) by 2030. The article further discusses the requirements for a robust measuring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system for climate policies, using REFIT as a case study, to facilitate effective tracking of NDC progress and achievement and transparent reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Keywords: Mozambique; Paris Agreement; nationally determined contributions; renewable energy feed-in tariff policy; GHG emission reductions; measurement reporting and verification of climate policies; enhanced transparency framework (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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