Transport Infrastructure and Political Factors as Determinants of Tourism Development in the Cross-Border Region of Bihor and Maramure?. A Comparative Analysis

Jan A. Wendt, Vasile Grama, Gabriela Ilieş, Andrey S. Mikhaylov, Sorin G. Borza, Grigore Vasile Herman and Agnieszka Bógdał-Brzezińska
Additional contact information
Jan A. Wendt: Institute of Geography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Gdansk University, 4 Bażyńskiego Str., 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
Vasile Grama: Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Gabriela Ilieş: Faculty of Geography, Extension of Sighetu Marmatiei, Babes-Bolyai University, 6 Avram Iancu Str., 435500 Sighetu Marmatiei, Romania
Andrey S. Mikhaylov: Institute of Regional and Geopolitical Studies, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Aleksandra Nevskogo Str., 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia
Sorin G. Borza: Faculty of History, International Relations, Political Science and Communication Sciences, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Grigore Vasile Herman: Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Agnieszka Bógdał-Brzezińska: Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, 26/28 Krakowskie Przedmieście Str., 00-927 Warsaw, Poland

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-26

Abstract: This article follows two important interconnected aspects. On one hand, it investigates whether the political factors represented by the presence of ethnic minorities can be a catalyst for tourism development in cross-border regions, in addition to the development of transport infrastructure. On the other hand, it offers a comparative analysis and territorial diagnosis of the Bihor-Hajdú–Bihar and Maramure?–Zakarpattya cross border regions, analyzing the main tourist indicators and the advances made in the development of the transport infrastructure with a role in the development of tourism. The paper is based on desk and quantitative research involving national and regional statistic data. Research on the literature regarding Hungarian–Romanian and Romanian–Ukrainian borderland was also realized, in order to conduct comparative analysis useful to identify and evaluate the factors linked with tourism development. Using a multiscale approach, the objective is to determine if there is a correlation between the development of the transport network and the increase in tourist traffic. The results show that transport infrastructure plays a critical role in ensuring the connections of border regions. Although the two regions are contiguous, there is an obvious difference in cross-border traffic due to the presence of two different types of border. The transport network and tourism situation in Bihor has improved in the last years, especially under the impact of cross-border cooperation, but the accessibility remains relatively low. In Maramure?, the development of cross-border connections is based on cultural exchange, and less on economic relations. Transport accessibility is a strong point of the Hungarian–Romanian borderland and represents an obstacle for the development of tourism in the Romanian–Ukrainian borderland.

Keywords: Bihor; Maramure?; cross-border regions; tourism development; transport infrastructure; ethnic minorities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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