The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Eko Supriyanto, Jayan Sentanuhady, Ariyana Dwiputra, Ari Permana and Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun
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Eko Supriyanto: PLN Research Institute, Jakarta 12760, Indonesia
Jayan Sentanuhady: Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia
Ariyana Dwiputra: PLN Research Institute, Jakarta 12760, Indonesia
Ari Permana: Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia
Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun: Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-26

Abstract: Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

Keywords: biodiesel; engine performance; emissions; natural feedstocks; production method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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