The Use of Cluster Analysis to Evaluate the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Daily Water Demand Patterns

Paulina Dzimińska, Stanisław Drzewiecki, Marek Ruman, Klaudia Kosek, Karol Mikołajewski and Paweł Licznar
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Paulina Dzimińska: MWiK—The Water Supply and Sewage Company of Bydgoszcz Sp. z o.o., 85-817 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Stanisław Drzewiecki: MWiK—The Water Supply and Sewage Company of Bydgoszcz Sp. z o.o., 85-817 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Marek Ruman: Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Klaudia Kosek: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Karol Mikołajewski: Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Paweł Licznar: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-377 Wroclaw, Poland

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-22

Abstract: Proper determination of unitary water demand and diurnal distribution of water consumption (water consumption histogram) provides the basis for designing, dimensioning, and all analyses of water supply networks. It is important in the case of mathematical modelling of flows in the water supply network, particularly during the determination of nodal water demands in the context of Extended Period Simulation (EPS). Considering the above, the analysis of hourly water consumption in selected apartment buildings was performed to verify the justification of the application of grouping by means of k-means clustering. The article presents a detailed description of the adopted methodology, as well as the obtained results in the form of synthetic distributions of hourly water consumption, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on their change.

Keywords: COVID-19; water consumption; urban environment; residential water demand pattern; cluster analysis; statistics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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