Motivational Differences between 5K Runners, Marathoners and Ultramarathoners in Poland

Mateusz Rozmiarek, Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko, Patxi León-Guereño, Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano and Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
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Mateusz Rozmiarek: Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko: Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
Patxi León-Guereño: Health, Physical Activity and Sports Science Laboratory (HealthPASS), Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain
Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano: Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
Grzegorz Kwiatkowski: Department of Economics, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-343 Koszalin, Poland

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 12, 1-12

Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the reasons for practicing different running distances (5K run, marathon, and ultramarathon), and to analyze the differences in each type according to gender, age, and marital status. An empirical study was conducted during the 2020 Karkonosze Winter Ultramarathon, 20th PKO Poznan Marathon, and 5K run—Parkrun Poznan and City Trail, over the course of which we interviewed 925 runners. A total of 267 ultramarathoners, 493 marathon runners, and 165 Parkrun and City Trail participants took part in the cross-sectional study, which used the diagnostic survey method. The questionnaire employed the division of motives used by the Motivation of Marathoners Scale (MOMS) by Masters et al., adapted to the Polish language by Dyba?a. No significant differences were found in any of the disciplines based on gender or marital status, although the results showed that weight concern increased with increasing age range in all the running distances analyzed. In addition, in 5K run and marathon runners, weight concern decreased in the 36 to 50 age range, but subsequently increased in those over 51 years of age. Therefore, it will be important for coaches and other professionals to consider athletes’ age when trying to understand their motives to participate in different disciplines.

Keywords: running; 5K runners; marathoners; ultramarathoners; motivation; age; gender difference; marital status; sport; physical activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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