Electric Buses in Malaysia: Policies, Innovations, Technologies and Life Cycle Evaluations

Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili, Ali Q. Al-Shetwi, Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu, Yap Hoon, Majid A. Abdullah, Ameer Alhasan and Ammar Al-Sharaa
Additional contact information
Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili: Institute of Power Engineering (IPE), University Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
Ali Q. Al-Shetwi: Electrical Engineering Department, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk 71454, Saudi Arabia
Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad 500075, India
Yap Hoon: School of Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
Majid A. Abdullah: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Community College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
Ameer Alhasan: Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Ammar Al-Sharaa: Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 21, 1-22

Abstract: A large-scale adoption of electric buses (EBs) is a promising solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector. In the upcoming decades, the development of EB technologies will be initiated worldwide, including in Malaysia. Government policies to support EB deployments have been widely established. Therefore, Malaysia’s National Automotive Policy has stated a roadmap of policies to promote a national groundwork accordingly. Following the elaboration of Malaysia’s goals for EBs deployments by 2014 and 2020, there are crucial associated topics for EBs implementation, including EB innovations and technologies adoption. This study presents a deep discussion about the groundwork of EB innovations that have been initiated in Malaysia to meet the roadmap targets. This paper also comprehensively reviews the technical specifications of EB innovation technologies, including Electric Bus Innovation Malaysia, Malaysia Automotive Institute, and Go Auto prototypes. In addition, this study outlines the EB technologies that have been launched in three states in Malaysia, known as Putrajaya, Melaka, and Sarawak. Furthermore, a generic framework for life cycle assessments of EB is presented, focusing on the economic and environmental impacts. This framework provides the necessary groundwork for further studies on charging infrastructure requirements.

Keywords: electric bus technologies; greenhouse gas emissions; energy demand; life cycle assessments; electric bus deployments in Malaysia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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