Climate Change and Pathways Used by Pests as Challenges to Plant Health in Agriculture and Forestry

Maria Lodovica Gullino, Ramon Albajes, Ibrahim Al-Jboory, Francislene Angelotti, Subrata Chakraborty, Karen A. Garrett, Brett Phillip Hurley, Peter Juroszek, Ralf Lopian, Khaled Makkouk, Xubin Pan, Massimo Pugliese () and Tannecia Stephenson
Additional contact information
Maria Lodovica Gullino: Agroinnova, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
Ramon Albajes: Agrotecnio Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25002 Lleida, Spain
Ibrahim Al-Jboory: Department of Plant Protection, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10070, Iraq
Francislene Angelotti: Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Embrapa Semi-arid, Petrolina 56302-970, Brazil
Subrata Chakraborty: Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
Karen A. Garrett: Plant Pathology Department and Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
Brett Phillip Hurley: Department of Zoology and Entomology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
Peter Juroszek: Central Institute for Decision Support Systems in Crop Protection (ZEPP), 55545 Bad Kreuznach, Germany
Ralf Lopian: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, 00023 Helsinki, Finland
Khaled Makkouk: Ex-National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), Beirut LB 2260, Lebanon
Xubin Pan: Institute of Plant Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
Massimo Pugliese: Agroinnova, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
Tannecia Stephenson: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 19, 1-22

Abstract: Climate change already challenges people’s livelihood globally and it also affects plant health. Rising temperatures facilitate the introduction and establishment of unwanted organisms, including arthropods, pathogens, and weeds (hereafter collectively called pests). For example, a single, unusually warm winter under temperate climatic conditions may be sufficient to assist the establishment of invasive plant pests, which otherwise would not be able to establish. In addition, the increased market globalization and related transport of recent years, coupled with increased temperatures, has led to favorable conditions for pest movement, invasion, and establishment worldwide. Most published studies indicate that, in general, pest risk will increase in agricultural ecosystems under climate-change scenarios, especially in today’s cooler arctic, boreal, temperate, and subtropical regions. This is also mostly true for forestry. Some pests have already expanded their host range or distribution, at least in part due to changes in climate. Examples of these pests, selected according to their relevance in different geographical areas, are summarized here. The main pathways used by them, directly and/or indirectly, are also discussed. Understanding these pathways can support decisions about mitigation and adaptation measures. The review concludes that preventive mitigation and adaptation measures, including biosecurity, are key to reducing the projected increases in pest risk in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Therefore, the sustainable management of pests is urgently needed. It requires holistic solutions, including effective phytosanitary regulations, globally coordinated diagnostic and surveillance systems, pest risk modeling and analysis, and preparedness for pro-active management.

Keywords: global warming; plant pathogens; insect pests; invasive species; pest risk (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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