Is Contract Farming with Modern Distributors Partnership for Higher Returns? Analysis of Rice Farm Households in Taiwan

Ming-Feng Hsieh and Yir-Hueih Luh ()
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Ming-Feng Hsieh: Department of Economics, Tunghai University, 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Blvd., Xitun Dist., Taichung 407224, Taiwan
Yir-Hueih Luh: Department of Agricultural Economics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 22, 1-16

Abstract: This study provides empirical evidence of the economic effect of contract farming for the agriculture sector dominated by smallholder farms. In light of the association between contract farming and modern food distribution channels, we categorize the adoption decisions of contract farming and modern marketing channels into four mutually exclusive choices and investigate their economic effects through the simulated maximum likelihood estimation of the multinomial treatment effects model. The results provide empirical evidence supporting higher returns from the dual partnerships as choosing modern distributors generates more revenues for the those participating in contract farming than for those with no contract farming, and contract farming is more likely to help generate more revenues for those who have taken modern distributors as their major marketing channel compared with those relying on traditional channels. Moreover, we examine whether any distributional pattern of marginal economic effects, of either contract farming or modern marketing channel, is present among farmers at various scales by using the conditional and unconditional quantile regression models. Our findings suggest that the marginal treatment effects are generally in an increasing trend as the quantile increases, implying that the economic effects of contract farming or partnership with modern distributors are more pronounced for higher returns among rice farmers in Taiwan. This finding has great policy implications for developing sustainable agriculture and food supply when facing greater uncertainties due to global warming in the future, especially in an agriculture sector with most smallholder farmers.

Keywords: rice farming; contract farming; modern distributors; multinomial treatment effects; conditional quantile regression; unconditional quantile regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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