Effectiveness of Climate-Smart Agriculture Innovations in Smallholder Agriculture System in Ethiopia

Abyiot Teklu (), Belay Simane and Mintewab Bezabih
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Abyiot Teklu: College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
Belay Simane: College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
Mintewab Bezabih: Ethiopian Policy Studies Institute, Addis Ababa 2479, Ethiopia

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14, issue 23, 1-26

Abstract: The scientific basis for conceptualizing how farm households achieve the three climate-smart agriculture (CSA) pillars, the “triple benefit”, is not well developed. This paper examined the impacts of CSA innovations on simultaneously enhancing food security, climate adaptation, and reducing GHG emissions. A cross-sectional household survey was collected from a multi-stage sample of 424 smallholder farmers selected from five agroecosystems of the upper Blue Nile highlands in Ethiopia and analyzed using an endogenous switching regression (ESR) model. CSA innovations, improved variety, compost, row planting, and agroforestry, provide farmers with the benefits of enhanced food security and climate change adaptation, reducing GHG emissions from farm plots. Crop rotation provides farmers with enhanced food security and reduced livelihood vulnerability, while SWC meets the goal of enhancing food security and reducing GHG emissions. Unfortunately, adopting crop residue management, one of the recommended CSA practices in Ethiopia, does not deliver at least two of the CSA pillars. Farmers should be encouraged to adopt improved variety, crop rotation, compost, row planting, soil and water conservation, and agroforestry as the best portfolio of CSA innovation for highland smallholder agriculture systems.

Keywords: climate-smart agriculture; livelihood vulnerability; food security; GHG emissions; synergy; trade-off; Ethiopia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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