Dual Effects of N-Butanol and Magnetite Nanoparticle to Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends as Additives on Emission Pattern and Performance of a Diesel Engine with ANN Validation

Ahmed Sule (), Zulkarnain Abdul Latiff (), Mohd Azman Abas, Ibham Veza, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Irianto Harny and Vorathin Epin
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Ahmed Sule: Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Zulkarnain Abdul Latiff: Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Mohd Azman Abas: Automotive Development Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Ibham Veza: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak 32610, Malaysia
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 40413, India
Irianto Harny: Department General Education, Faculty of Resilence, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 114646, United Arab Emirates
Vorathin Epin: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak 32610, Malaysia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, 1-22

Abstract: This paper investigates impact of magnetite dispersed in butanol and added to two varied blends of palm biodiesel and diesel (B20 and B30). The developed fuel samples were characterized and tested on single cylinder diesel Yanmar engine (L70N) to observe engine behavior for emissions and performance. Results are compared with two reference fuels: YF50 fuel contains 50 ppm magnetite in B20 and B n 10Y90 contains 10% butanol with 90% B20. Addition of magnetite and butanol depletes emissions levels and improve performance compared to ordinary B20 and B30 however; samples with higher dosage of magnetite (150 ppm) yielded better results in performance and emission compared with lower dosage (75 ppm). The best sample was C10Z90 which entails 150 ppm magnetite in butanol added at 10% to B30. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) at highest brake power (BP) point for C10Z90 was 37.28% compared to others (32.88%, 35.22% and 35.96%). Additionally, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of C10Z90 was at least 8.29 g/Kw.hr and at most 84.52 g/Kw.hr less than other samples at highest BP point. Results indicated C10Z90 was lower in carbon-monoxide, hydrocarbon and smoke except for oxides of nitrogen. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model successfully predicted BTE, BSFC and emissions of the dual fuel application.

Keywords: Magnetite; emissions; ANN model; efficiency; Butanol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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