Health and Well-Being Benefits of Outdoor and Indoor Vertical Greening Systems: A Review

Fernando Fonseca, Marina Paschoalino and Lígia Silva ()
Additional contact information
Fernando Fonseca: CTAC (Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
Marina Paschoalino: CTAC (Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
Lígia Silva: CTAC (Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 5, 1-18

Abstract: Green spaces have become the most threatened by urban growth, and the decline in these areas is a main cause of environmental and social problems with implications for human health and well-being. Vertical greenery systems have been proposed as a solution to restore the connection between the city and nature, particularly in compact and dense cities, where horizontal space is limited. This paper provides a literature review to examine the influence of outdoor and indoor vertical greenery systems on human health and well-being. The Web of Science and Scopus databases were chosen to survey peer-reviewed documents published until October 2022. A total of 73 documents were selected by the search. Over 71% of the documents were published over the last four years, and most of them focused on the environmental and thermal benefits of vertical greenery systems. Although these benefits could bring health and well-being outcomes, they were not objectively measured and quantified. Other additional gaps and guidelines for future research were also identified and discussed. This review could be helpful for researchers and urban planners in developing vertical greenery to create healthy and more sustainable cities.

Keywords: vertical greenery systems; green wall; green façade; living wall; urban greenery; health; well-being; sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/4107/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/4107/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4107-:d:1078856

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().