Compressed Stabilized Earthen Blocks and Their Use in Low-Cost Social Housing

Jan Bredenoord () and Yask Kulshreshtha
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Jan Bredenoord: Faculty of Geosciences, International Development Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Yask Kulshreshtha: Materials & Environment Section, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 6, 1-21

Abstract: Earthen techniques have been historically used in construction of housing in Africa, Asia and Latin America. In the past two decades the interest in earthen material has grown considerably, leading to the development of sustainable materials such as compressed earth blocks (CEB), compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEB) and interlocking stabilized soil blocks (ISSB). Scientific publications from various countries and context have examined the physical aspects of these earthen building materials, but so far, the results are not well connected to housing practices for and by low-income households with their self-organizing skills. This research sought to close this gap by documenting the housing projects where earth blocks are applied in participatory social housing. The study provides an overview of relevant practical examples from the three world regions (Africa, Asia and Latin America), with their cultural and climatic differences, and an analysis of similarities and possibilities. Based on the lessons learned from these examples, recommendations are made on further research on sustainable building materials within social housing practices, which can benefit the scientific community. We propose to set up a worldwide database of housing projects where earthen techniques have been applied responsibly. We conclude and recommend that more high-quality pilot projects with CSEB and ISSB are needed to get a broader picture on the potential of these materials for social housing, and the necessary support for local communities wishing to be involved in these sustainable housing practices.

Keywords: CEB; CSEB; ISSB; low-cost housing; social housing; earthen construction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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