Optimizing Multi-Vehicle Demand-Responsive Bus Dispatching: A Real-Time Reservation-Based Approach

Xuemei Zhou (), Guohui Wei, Yunbo Zhang, Qianlin Wang and Huanwu Guo
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Xuemei Zhou: College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education, 4800 Caoan Highway, Shanghai 201804, China
Guohui Wei: College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education, 4800 Caoan Highway, Shanghai 201804, China
Yunbo Zhang: College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education, 4800 Caoan Highway, Shanghai 201804, China
Qianlin Wang: College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education, 4800 Caoan Highway, Shanghai 201804, China
Huanwu Guo: College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education, 4800 Caoan Highway, Shanghai 201804, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-18

Abstract: The demand-responsive public transport system with multi-vehicles has the potential to efficiently meet real-time and high-volume transportation needs through effective scheduling. This paper focuses on studying the real-time vehicle scheduling problem, which involves dispatching and controlling different model vehicles uniformly based on generated vehicle number tasks at a given point in time. By considering the immediacy of real-time itinerary tasks, this paper optimizes the vehicle scheduling problem at a single time point. The objective function is to minimize the total operating cost of the system while satisfying constraints such as passenger capacity and vehicle transfer time. To achieve this, a vehicle scheduling optimization model is constructed, and a solution approach is proposed by integrating bipartite graph optimal matching theory and the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by comparing it with a traditional greedy algorithm using the same calculation example. The results show that the optimization method has higher solution efficiency and can generate a scheduling scheme that effectively reduces operating costs, improves transportation efficiency, and optimizes the operation organization process for demand-responsive buses.

Keywords: demand-responsive public transport system; vehicle dispatching; bipartite graph; optimal matching; Kuhn–Munkres algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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