Towards Zero Waste: An In-Depth Analysis of National Policies, Strategies, and Case Studies in Waste Minimisation

Mohammed Almansour and Mohammad Akrami ()
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Mohammed Almansour: Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
Mohammad Akrami: Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-26

Abstract: This review provides a detailed analysis of zero waste (ZW) initiatives, focusing on national policies, strategies, and case studies aimed at minimising municipal solid waste (MSW). It evaluates the environmental, social, and economic impacts of waste and explores the transition from conventional landfill reliance to sustainable waste management practices. Key ZW approaches, including circular economy frameworks and extended producer responsibility (EPR), are examined through case studies from countries such as China, Germany, and the United States. The review highlights advancements in waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies, the development of zero waste cities, and the critical role of policies in achieving significant MSW reduction. Additionally, it identifies key challenges such as infrastructure gaps and regulatory weaknesses and offers practical solutions to overcome these barriers. This study serves as a valuable resource for policymakers aiming to implement effective waste reduction strategies and enhance sustainable waste management systems globally.

Keywords: municipal solid waste (MSW); zero waste (ZW); national policies; waste-to-energy (WTE); circular economy; sustainable waste management; waste reduction strategies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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