Recent Innovations on the Reuse of Almond and Hazelnut By-Products: A Review

Selene Ollani, Cristiana Peano () and Francesco Sottile ()
Additional contact information
Selene Ollani: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Ambientali, Università di Torino, Largo Braccini, 2, 10095 Torino, Italy
Cristiana Peano: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Ambientali, Università di Torino, Largo Braccini, 2, 10095 Torino, Italy
Francesco Sottile: Dipartimento di Architettura, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edifico 14, 90128 Palermo, Italy

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 6, 1-33

Abstract: Nuts consumption has increased significantly in the last 10 years, especially driven by the stimulated awareness of their possible beneficial health effects. Increased nuts consumption is linked to an obvious accumulation of by-products and waste. With the view of the circular economy, the aim of this review is to analyse the recent and innovative approaches able to valorise the by-products derived from almonds and hazelnuts, two important nut products of the Italian scene, with historical and traditional importance. The most important solutions are concerned with reuse of almond hull, shell, skin, oil cake, and hazelnut shell; skin and oil cake are often considered waste or by-products. Many interesting implications in the feed and food sectors have been detected in the last ten years, aimed at designing innovative materials developed from by-products and extraction of bioactive molecules for different purposes. The perspective chosen to discuss the topic is related to the sustainability of these processes, in terms of both the environment and economy. The circular economy supports a zero-waste approach, which should not also be meant as a zero-cost process in terms of the level of technology that has been partially developed.

Keywords: circular economy; almond; hazelnut; by-products; reuse; waste management; sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/6/2577/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/6/2577/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:6:p:2577-:d:1361115

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().