A Study of the Spatial–Temporal Development Patterns and Influencing Factors of China’s National Archaeological Site Parks

Yueting Xi, Taili Liu, Siliang Chen (), Xinru Zhang, Suyi Qu and Yue Dong
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Yueting Xi: School of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Middle Section, Nan’er Huan Road, Xi’an 710064, China
Taili Liu: School of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Middle Section, Nan’er Huan Road, Xi’an 710064, China
Siliang Chen: School of Architecture, Chang’an University, No. 161, Chang’an Road, Xi’an 710061, China
Xinru Zhang: School of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Middle Section, Nan’er Huan Road, Xi’an 710064, China
Suyi Qu: School of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Middle Section, Nan’er Huan Road, Xi’an 710064, China
Yue Dong: School of Architecture, Chang’an University, No. 161, Chang’an Road, Xi’an 710061, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 8, 1-25

Abstract: National Archaeological Site Parks are strategic projects in China for innovatively exploring the scientific protection and rational utilization of large heritage sites for the purpose of balancing urban development and protecting cultural heritage. Therefore, research on the spatial–temporal evolution and influencing factors of National Archaeological Site Parks can improve and optimize their management and pattern systems and is therefore of great significance for the sustainable development of large sites and their surrounding areas. Targeting the 135 National Archaeological Site Parks of China, this paper adopts the nearest-neighbor index analytical method, the kernel density estimation method, the standard deviation ellipse method, the method of constructing an indicator system, and an SPSS factor analysis method to analyze the spatial–temporal evolution and influencing factors of these parks. The findings are as follows: (1) In terms of the temporal evolution, the number of National Archaeological Site Parks increased from 2010 to 2022, and the ages and types of the large heritage sites they are built upon gradually became more balanced and diverse. (2) In terms of the spatial evolution, National Archaeological Site Parks form two high-density areas in Central China and East China. Their overall distribution is consistent with China’s “Hu Line”. (3) In terms of spatial–temporal evolution, the center of gravity of National Archaeological Site Parks’ distribution is advancing toward Southwest China, and the trend of a more balanced distribution is rising. (4) Finally, regional development, heritage tourism, historical resources, and government support were observed to be factors that affect the spatial–temporal patterns of the National Archaeological Site Parks. Based on these findings, we propose specific strategies for coordinating and linking the above four major influencing factors to promote the rational utilization of large heritage sites and the sustainable development of National Archaeological Site Parks. We aim to improve and optimize the management and pattern systems of National Archaeological Site Parks, to promote urban renewal based on large heritage sites, and to provide valuable insights for policy makers and heritage practitioners in other countries with historical resources around the world.

Keywords: China; protection of large heritage sites; National Archaeological Site Park; systems for managing cultural heritage; sustainable development; spatial–temporal evolution; influencing factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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