Achieving a Carbon Neutral Society without Industry Contraction in the Five Major Steel Producing Countries

Kyunsuk Choi, Hiroyuki Matsuura, Hyunjoung Lee and Il Sohn
Additional contact information
Kyunsuk Choi: Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
Hiroyuki Matsuura: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
Hyunjoung Lee: Yonsei Green Institute of Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
Il Sohn: Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea

Sustainability, 2016, vol. 8, issue 5, 1-18

Abstract: This study analyzed the direct and indirect CO 2 emissions of the energy-intensive basic metals industry, in particular steels, using the distributions of various energy sources, including coal/peat, oil, and electricity, from an input–output table. An analysis of five major steel producing countries indicated that direct CO 2 emissions increased 1.4-fold and that indirect CO 2 emissions increased by more than two-fold between 1995 and 2010. The elasticity of the CO 2 emissions and the total energy costs indicated that Korea, Japan, and Germany are sensitive to energy sources from the electric power industry, whereas China and the US are more sensitive to energy sources pertaining to the coal and oil industry. Using the available forest area and photosynthesis, the potential neutralization ability of CO 2 was estimated using the eco-CO 2 index. The US yielded the highest CO 2 neutralization ability of 66.1%, whereas Korea yielded a CO 2 neutralization ability of 15%. Future trends of the 2030 eco-CO 2 index revealed China and Korea will rapidly lose their neutralization ability resulting in a net negative neutralization ability if left unabated. The significant decline in the eco-CO 2 index for the basic metals industry may be inhibited by utilizing bamboo wood charcoal for pulverized coal injection (PCI) in the steelmaking process.

Keywords: CO 2; input–output table; steel industry; elasticity; eco-CO 2 index (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/8/5/484/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/8/5/484/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:5:p:484-:d:70246

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().