Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies

Sara Lowes and Etienne Le Rossignol
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Etienne Le Rossignol: CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UP1 UFR02 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - École d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, London Business School

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Abstract: Moral universalism, the extent to which individuals exhibit similar altruism and trust towards in-group and out-group members, varies widely across societies. We test the hypothesis from anthropology that the requirements of transhumant pastoralism – a livelihood in which populations seasonally migrate and herd livestock – made individuals highly interdependent and cohesive within groups but hostile to individuals beyond the radius of extended kin. Using global data, we find that historical reliance on transhumant pastoralism is strongly predictive of greater in-group relative to out-group trust. This result is consistent across countries, between residents of the same country, among second-generation migrants, and with an instrumental variable strategy. We find evidence that these results are specific to transhumant pastoralism. The effects are particularly pronounced when transhumant pastoralists interact with groups that rely on other forms of economic production and in areas that are prone to climate shocks and conflict. Finally, we explore the economic implications of limited moral universalism. We find that greater reliance on transhumant pastoralism is associated with less objective promotion criteria within firms and smaller firm size.

Keywords: Transhumant pastoralism; Trust; Moral universalism; Kinship; Culture; Firms (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022-07
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-env and nep-evo
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Related works:
Working Paper: Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies (2022)
Working Paper: Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies (2022)
Working Paper: Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies (2022)
Working Paper: Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies (2022)
Working Paper: Ancestral Livelihoods and Moral Universalism: Evidence from Transhumant Pastoralist Societies (2022)
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