Do slum upgrading programmes improve living standards? Evidence from Djibouti

Sandrine Mesplé-Somps, Laure Pasquier-Doumer and Charlotte Guénard ()
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Laure Pasquier-Doumer: LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Abstract: Slum upgrading programmes are high on the international community's agenda. Yet their impact evaluations remain few and far between, especially when the programmes include different components such as roads, water supply, electricity, and community facilities. In addition, employment is rarely considered as an outcome in the evaluation of slum upgrading programmes, although it is often one of the main priorities of slum upgrading policies. This article analyses the effects on employment of such a programme in a Djibouti slum. It uses a difference-in-difference approach to evaluate the average impact and heterogeneous effects of the programme. We find that the project is unlikely to have improved access to employment in general and to formal wage jobs in particular, as was expected at the start of the project. It has also failed to increase earned income. Nonetheless, we show that self-employed activities have developed, more particularly in places adjacent to the project roads.

Keywords: slums; urban project; impact analysis; employment; housing; Djibouti (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ppm
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Published in European Journal of Development Research, 2020, ⟨10.1057/s41287-020-00305-9⟩

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Working Paper: Do slum upgrading programmes improve living standards? Evidence from Djibouti (2016)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03105551

DOI: 10.1057/s41287-020-00305-9

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