The global dairy situation and international trade in dairy products: the case of the EU-27 trade relations with Africa and Tunisia

La conjoncture laitière mondiale et les échanges internationaux de produits laitiers: le cas des relations commerciales de l’UE-27 avec l’Afrique et la Tunisie

Vincent Chatellier ()
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Vincent Chatellier: SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement

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Abstract: Dairy products benefit from sustained international demand (+1.8% per year) due to population growth and the gradual modification of diets. This demand dynamic is taking place in a production context that is becoming more delicate due to the impact of global warming on fodder production, soaring raw material prices, the negative environmental impact of dairy production in several geographical areas and, at least in some countries, the difficulty of ensuring the generational renewal of farmers. International prices for dairy products have become highly volatile. After an analysis of the main trends at work, on a global scale, between the supply and demand of dairy products, this communication deals more with the evolution of world trade in dairy products. To do this, it relies on the processing of customs data, both on an international scale (via the BACI database) and at the more restricted level of the European Union (via the Comext database). Mainly dominated by three major zones (the European Union, New Zealand and the United States), world exports of dairy products practically tripled (in current currency) between 2000 and 2020 to reach almost 60 billion euros (excluding intra-European Union trade). The rise of China in world dairy imports, the recent levelling off of New Zealand's exports and the strong diversification of the types of dairy products exported are three significant phenomena of the last decade. The European Union has consolidated its leading position in world dairy exports, accounting for 38% of world trade by value. This communication also focuses on the evolution of trade in dairy products between the Member States of the European Union and the African continent, while identifying the particular case of Tunisia.

Keywords: Dairy markets; Dairy products; International trade; Competitiveness; Prices; European Union; Africa; Tunisia; Marchés laitiers; Produits laitiers; Echanges internationaux; Compétitivité; Prix; Union européenne; Afrique; Tunisie (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023-03-06
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr, nep-ara and nep-int
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Published in 4. Rencontres internationales "Lait, vecteur de développement", INRAE; CIRAD; IDELE; INRAT; OEP; IRESA Tunis; FAO Tunis, Mar 2023, Tunis, Tunisie

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