From spatial to social accessibility: How socio-economic factors can affect accessibility?

Aurelie Mercier ()

Working Papers from HAL

Abstract: The concept of accessibility cannot only focus on " spatial accessibility " measurement but has to integer a " social accessibility " level to take into account individual inequalities and socioeconomic disparities to access to urban opportunities. In this context, this contribution focuses on socioeconomic disparities integration on accessibility measurement, considering the Lyon case study. The paper is divided into three parts The first part aims to present a method for integrating the socioeconomic dimension on accessibility measurement. The potential gravity-based access measure proposes a travel cost balanced by a sensitivity parameter. This parameter corresponds to the more or less travel cost resistance. This sensitivity value is obtained with a gravity-based transport model calibration from a household trip survey. The second part focuses on the sensitivity value. It illustrates that the different sensitivity values can varies according to different factors like trip purposes but also and socioeconomic factors. This contribution analyses how gender and socio-professional categories affect travel time sensitivity in the morning peak period. This empirical exercise at the Lyon agglomeration scale is based on a 2006 French transport survey called " Enquêtes Ménages Déplacements ". The third part presents cartographic impacts of differentiated travel cost sensitivity on accessibility results considering the Lyon metropolitan area. Social accessibility results, linked to the population distribution according the socio-professional categories, highlights areas with a gap between perceived and offered accessibility level.

Keywords: social accessibility; spatial accessibility; travel time sensitivity; transport model calibration; Lyon metropolitan area (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016-10-13
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ure
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