Knowledge Accumulation from Public Renewable Energy R&D in the European Union: Converging or Diverging Trends?

Jonas Grafström, Patrik Söderholm (), Erik Gawel, Paul Lehmann and Sebastian Strunz
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Patrik Söderholm: Luleå University of Technology, Postal: Luleå University of Technology, Economics Unit, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden

No 292, Ratio Working Papers from The Ratio Institute

Abstract: Bottom-up processes of policy convergence are increasingly discussed as a substitute for the absence of supranational energy policy coordination and harmonization in the EU. The overall objective of this paper is to analyse the development of government support to renewable energy R&D across EU countries over time: does the empirical evidence suggest bottom-up convergence? In order to answer this question, we first construct country-specific R&D-based knowledge stocks, and then investigate whether the developments of these stocks tend to converge or diverge across EU countries. A data set covering 12 EU Member States over the time period 1990-2012 is employed to test for the presence of conditional -convergence using a bias-corrected dynamic panel data estimator. The empirical results are overall robust and suggest divergence in terms of public R&D-based knowledge build-up in renewable energy technology. This finding is consistent with free-riding behavior on the part of some Member States, and the presence of industrial policy motives in other States in combination with agglomeration effects in the renewable energy sector. Energy import dependence and electricity regulation are found to influence the growth of the R&D-based knowledge stock, and the deregulation of the EU electricity markets has tended to contribute to a lower speed of divergence.

Keywords: renewable energy sources; public R&D support; convergence; European Union (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O44 P18 Q40 Q55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 29 pages
Date: 2017-09-25
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ene, nep-tid and nep-ure
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Working Paper: Knowledge accumulation from public renewable energy R&D in the European Union: Converging or diverging trends? (2017)
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