How do Parole Boards Respond to Large, Societal Shocks? Evidence from the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks

Brendon McConnell, Kegon Tan and Mariyana Zapryanova ()
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Mariyana Zapryanova: Smith College

No 2023-010, Working Papers from Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group

Abstract: We provide the first evidence of the impact of 9/11 on outcomes for Muslims in the US criminal justice system. We focus on parole outcomes of Muslim men in the state of Georgia, and find large post-9/11 declines in the likelihood of being granted parole and a subsequent 23% relative increase in prison time for Muslim inmates. We find that these impacts persisted for several years after 9/11 with similar sized magnitudes. We examine heterogeneity in the effects by recidivism risk and document suggestive evidence that the effects were larger for higher risk inmates.

Keywords: parole board; discrimination; terrorist attacks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D91 J15 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ure
Note: MIP
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http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/McConn ... s-respond-shocks.pdf First version, February 27, 2023 (application/pdf)
http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/McConn ... espond-shocks_r1.pdf Second version, October 15, 2023 (application/pdf)
http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/McConn ... espond-shocks_r2.pdf Third version, January 19, 2024 (application/pdf)

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Journal Article: How do parole boards respond to large, societal shocks? Evidence from the 9/11 terrorist attacks (2024)
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