Early Child Care, Maternal Labor Supply, and Gender Equality: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Henning Hermes, Marina Krauß, Philipp Lergetporer, Frauke Peter and Simon Wiederhold
Additional contact information
Marina Krauß: University of Augsburg
Philipp Lergetporer: Technical University of Munich
Frauke Peter: German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies
Simon Wiederhold: University of Halle

No 2024-023, Working Papers from Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group

Abstract: We provide experimental evidence that enabling access to universal early child care increases maternal labor supply and promotes gender equality among families with lower socioeconomic status (SES). Our intervention offers information and customized help with child care applications, leading to a boost in child care enrollment among lower-SES families. 18 months after the intervention, we find substantial increases in maternal full-time employment (+160%), maternal earnings (+22%), and household income (+10%). Intriguingly, the positive employment effects are not only driven by extended hours at child care centers, but also by an increase in care hours by fathers. Gender equality also benefits more broadly from better access to child care: The treatment improves a gender equality index that combines information on intra-household division of working hours, care hours, and earnings by 40% of a standard deviation, with significant increases in each dimension. For higher-SES families, we consistently observe negligible, insignificant treatment effects.

Keywords: maternal; employment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C93 J13 J18 J22 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dem, nep-exp and nep-hea
Note: ECI
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http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/Hermes ... ernal-lab-supply.pdf First version, April 9, 2024 (application/pdf)

Related works:
Working Paper: Early Child Care, Maternal Labor Supply, and Gender Equality:A Randomized Controlled Trial* (2024)
Working Paper: Early child care, maternal labor supply, and gender equality: A randomized controlled trial (2024)
Working Paper: Early Child Care, Maternal Labor Supply, and Gender Equality: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2023)
Working Paper: Early Child Care, Maternal Labor Supply, and Gender Equality: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2022)
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