Still Waters Run Deep: Groundwater Contamination and Education Outcomes in India

Khushboo Aggarwal (), Rashmi Barua and Marian Vidal-Fernandez ()
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Khushboo Aggarwal: Christ University
Marian Vidal-Fernandez: University of Sydney

No 16863, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: We investigate the impact of groundwater contamination on educational outcomes in India. Our study leverages variations in the geographical coverage and timing of construction of safe government piped water schemes to identify the effects of exposure to contaminants. Using self-collected survey data from public schools in Assam, one of the most groundwater-contaminated regions in India, we find that prolonged exposure to unsafe groundwater is associated with increased school absenteeism, grade retention, and decreased test scores and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). To complement our findings and to study the effect of one such contaminant, arsenic, we use a large nationally representative household survey. Using variations in soil textures across districts as an instrument for arsenic concentration levels we find that exposure to arsenic beyond safe threshold levels is negatively associated with school attendance.

Keywords: water contamination; education; India (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F63 I15 I25 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 56 pages
Date: 2024-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dev, nep-edu, nep-env and nep-ure
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Published - published in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 100, 102525

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Journal Article: Still Waters Run Deep: Groundwater Contamination and Education Outcomes in India (2024)
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