The Impact of United States Sanctions on the Myanmar Garment Industry

Toshihiro Kudo

No 42, IDE Discussion Papers from Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO)

Abstract: The United States imposed trade sanctions against the military regime in Myanmar in July 2003. The import ban damaged the garment industry in particular. This industry exported nearly half of its products to the United States, and more than eighty percent of United States imports from Myanmar had been clothes. The garment industry was probably the main target of the sanctions. Nevertheless, the impact on the garment industry and its workers has not been accurately evaluated or closely examined. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the sanctions and to further understand the present situation. This is done using several sources of information, including the author's field and questionnaire surveys. This paper also describes the process of selection and polarization underway in the garment industry, an industry that now has more severe competition fueled by the sanctions. Through such a process, the impact was inflicted disproportionately on small and medium-sized domestic firms and their workers.

Keywords: Myanmar (Burma); United States; Sanction; Garment industry; Apparel industry; Economic sanctions; ミャンマー; アメリカ合衆国; アパレル産業; 経済制裁 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F19 L60 O14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2005-12-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cse, nep-dev, nep-int and nep-sea
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

Published in IDE Discussion Paper = IDE Discussion Paper, No. 42. 2005-12-01

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