Multispecies and individual gas molecule detection using Stokes solitons in a graphene over-modal microresonator

Teng Tan, Zhongye Yuan, Hao Zhang, Guofeng Yan, Siyu Zhou, Ning An, Bo Peng, Giancarlo Soavi (), Yunjiang Rao () and Baicheng Yao ()
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Teng Tan: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Zhongye Yuan: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Hao Zhang: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Guofeng Yan: Zhejiang Laboratory
Siyu Zhou: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Ning An: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Bo Peng: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Giancarlo Soavi: Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Yunjiang Rao: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Baicheng Yao: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Soliton frequency combs generate equally-distant frequencies, offering a powerful tool for fast and accurate measurements over broad spectral ranges. The generation of solitons in microresonators can further improve the compactness of comb sources. However the geometry and the material’s inertness of pristine microresonators limit their potential in applications such as gas molecule detection. Here, we realize a two-dimensional-material functionalized microcomb sensor by asymmetrically depositing graphene in an over-modal microsphere. By using one single pump, spectrally trapped Stokes solitons belonging to distinct transverse mode families are co-generated in one single device. Such Stokes solitons with locked repetition rate but different offsets produce ultrasensitive beat notes in the electrical domain, offering unique advantages for selective and individual gas molecule detection. Moreover, the stable nature of the solitons enables us to trace the frequency shift of the dual-soliton beat-note with uncertainty

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26740-8

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