A genome and gene catalog of the aquatic microbiomes of the Tibetan Plateau

Mingyue Cheng, Shuai Luo, Peng Zhang, Guangzhou Xiong, Kai Chen, Chuanqi Jiang, Fangdian Yang, Hanhui Huang, Pengshuo Yang, Guanxi Liu, Yuhao Zhang, Sang Ba, Ping Yin, Jie Xiong (), Wei Miao () and Kang Ning ()
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Mingyue Cheng: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Shuai Luo: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Peng Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangzhou Xiong: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Kai Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chuanqi Jiang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fangdian Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hanhui Huang: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Pengshuo Yang: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Guanxi Liu: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yuhao Zhang: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Sang Ba: College of Science, Tibet University
Ping Yin: Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University
Jie Xiong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei Miao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Kang Ning: College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract The Tibetan Plateau supplies water to nearly 2 billion people in Asia, but climate change poses threats to its aquatic microbial resources. Here, we construct the Tibetan Plateau Microbial Catalog by sequencing 498 metagenomes from six water ecosystems (saline lakes, freshwater lakes, rivers, hot springs, wetlands and glaciers). Our catalog expands knowledge of regional genomic diversity by presenting 32,355 metagenome-assembled genomes that de-replicated into 10,723 representative genome-based species, of which 88% were unannotated. The catalog contains nearly 300 million non-redundant gene clusters, of which 15% novel, and 73,864 biosynthetic gene clusters, of which 50% novel, thus expanding known functional diversity. Using these data, we investigate the Tibetan Plateau aquatic microbiome’s biogeography along a distance of 2,500 km and >5 km in altitude. Microbial compositional similarity and the shared gene count with the Tibetan Plateau microbiome decline along with distance and altitude difference, suggesting a dispersal pattern. The Tibetan Plateau Microbial Catalog stands as a substantial repository for high-altitude aquatic microbiome resources, providing potential for discovering novel lineages and functions, and bridging knowledge gaps in microbiome biogeography.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45895-8

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