Stem Leydig cells support macrophage immunological homeostasis through mitochondrial transfer in mice

Ani Chi, Bicheng Yang, Hao Dai, Xinyu Li, Jiahui Mo, Yong Gao, Zhihong Chen, Xin Feng, Menghui Ma, Yanqing Li, Chao Yang, Jie Liu, Hanchao Liu, Zhenqing Wang, Feng Gao, Yan Liao, Xuetao Shi (), Chunhua Deng () and Min Zhang ()
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Ani Chi: Sun Yat-sen University
Bicheng Yang: Sun Yat-sen University
Hao Dai: South China University of Technology
Xinyu Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Jiahui Mo: Sun Yat-sen University
Yong Gao: The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
Zhihong Chen: Sun Yat-sen University
Xin Feng: Sun Yat-sen University
Menghui Ma: Sun Yat-sen University
Yanqing Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Chao Yang: South China University of Technology
Jie Liu: South China University of Technology
Hanchao Liu: Sun Yat-sen University
Zhenqing Wang: Sun Yat-sen University
Feng Gao: Sun Yat-sen University
Yan Liao: South China University of Technology
Xuetao Shi: South China University of Technology
Chunhua Deng: Sun Yat-sen University
Min Zhang: Sun Yat-sen University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract As testicular mesenchymal stromal cells, stem Leydig cells (SLCs) show great promise in the treatment of male hypogonadism. The therapeutic functions of mesenchymal stromal cells are largely determined by their reciprocal regulation by immune responses. However, the immunoregulatory properties of SLCs remain unclear. Here, we observe that SLCs transplantation restore male fertility and testosterone production in an ischemia‒reperfusion injury mouse model. SLCs prevent inflammatory cascades through mitochondrial transfer to macrophages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from activated macrophages inducing mitochondrial transfer from SLCs to macrophages in a transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily member 7 (TRPM7)-mediated manner. Notably, knockdown of TRPM7 in transplanted SLCs compromised therapeutic outcomes in both testicular ischemia‒reperfusion and testicular aging mouse models. These findings reveal a new mechanism of SLCs transplantation that may contribute to preserve testis function in male patients with hypogonadism related to immune disorders.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46190-2

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