Paternal dietary macronutrient balance and energy intake drive metabolic and behavioral differences among offspring

Angela Jane Crean, Alistair McNair Senior, Therese Freire, Thomas Daniel Clark, Flora Mackay, Gracie Austin, Tamara Jayne Pulpitel, Marcelo Aguiar Nobrega, Romain Barrès () and Stephen James Simpson ()
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Angela Jane Crean: The University of Sydney
Alistair McNair Senior: The University of Sydney
Therese Freire: The University of Sydney
Thomas Daniel Clark: The University of Sydney
Flora Mackay: The University of Sydney
Gracie Austin: The University of Sydney
Tamara Jayne Pulpitel: The University of Sydney
Marcelo Aguiar Nobrega: University of Chicago
Romain Barrès: University of Copenhagen
Stephen James Simpson: The University of Sydney

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Paternal diet can influence the phenotype of the next generation, yet, the dietary components inducing specific responses in the offspring are not identified. Here, we use the Nutritional Geometry Framework to determine the effects of pre-conception paternal dietary macronutrient balance on offspring metabolic and behavioral traits in mice. Ten isocaloric diets varying in the relative proportion of protein, fats, and carbohydrates are fed to male mice prior to mating. Dams and offspring are fed standard chow and never exposed to treatment diets. Body fat in female offspring is positively associated with the paternal consumption of fat, while in male offspring, an anxiety-like phenotype is associated to paternal diets low in protein and high in carbohydrates. Our study uncovers that the nature and the magnitude of paternal effects are driven by interactions between macronutrient balance and energy intake and are not solely the result of over- or undernutrition.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46782-y

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