Demonstration of hypergraph-state quantum information processing

Jieshan Huang, Xudong Li, Xiaojiong Chen, Chonghao Zhai, Yun Zheng, Yulin Chi, Yan Li, Qiongyi He, Qihuang Gong and Jianwei Wang ()
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Jieshan Huang: School of Physics, Peking University
Xudong Li: School of Physics, Peking University
Xiaojiong Chen: School of Physics, Peking University
Chonghao Zhai: School of Physics, Peking University
Yun Zheng: School of Physics, Peking University
Yulin Chi: School of Physics, Peking University
Yan Li: School of Physics, Peking University
Qiongyi He: School of Physics, Peking University
Qihuang Gong: School of Physics, Peking University
Jianwei Wang: School of Physics, Peking University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Complex entangled states are the key resources for measurement-based quantum computations, which is realised by performing a sequence of measurements on initially entangled qubits. Executable quantum algorithms in the graph-state quantum computing model are determined by the entanglement structure and the connectivity of entangled qubits. By generalisation from graph-type entanglement in which only the nearest qubits interact to a new type of hypergraph entanglement in which any subset of qubits can be arbitrarily entangled via hyperedges, hypergraph states represent more general resource states that allow arbitrary quantum computation with Pauli universality. Here we report experimental preparation, certification and processing of complete categories of four-qubit hypergraph states under the principle of local unitary equivalence, on a fully reprogrammable silicon-photonic quantum chip. Genuine multipartite entanglement for hypergraph states is certificated by the characterisation of entanglement witness, and the observation of violations of Mermin inequalities without any closure of distance or detection loopholes. A basic measurement-based protocol and an efficient resource state verification by color-encoding stabilizers are implemented with local Pauli measurement to benchmark the building blocks for hypergraph-state quantum computation. Our work prototypes hypergraph entanglement as a general resource for quantum information processing.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46830-7

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