Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6

Tao Li, Yongyi Wu, Guoliang Yu, Shengxian Li, Yifeng Ren, Yadong Liu, Jiarui Liu, Hao Feng, Yu Deng, Mingxing Chen (), Zhenyu Zhang () and Tai Min ()
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Tao Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Yongyi Wu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Guoliang Yu: Hunan Normal University
Shengxian Li: Hunan Normal University
Yifeng Ren: Nanjing University
Yadong Liu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jiarui Liu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Hao Feng: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Yu Deng: Nanjing University
Mingxing Chen: Hunan Normal University
Zhenyu Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Tai Min: Xi’an Jiaotong University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Realization of higher-order multistates with mutual interstate switching in ferroelectric materials is a perpetual drive for high-density storage devices and beyond-Moore technologies. Here we demonstrate experimentally that antiferroelectric van der Waals CuInP2S6 films can be controllably stabilized into double, quadruple, and sextuple polarization states, and a system harboring polarization order of six is also reversibly tunable into order of four or two. Furthermore, for a given polarization order, mutual interstate switching can be achieved via moderate electric field modulation. First-principles studies of CuInP2S6 multilayers help to reveal that the double, quadruple, and sextuple states are attributable to the existence of respective single, double, and triple ferroelectric domains with antiferroelectric interdomain coupling and Cu ion migration. These findings offer appealing platforms for developing multistate ferroelectric devices, while the underlining mechanism is transformative to other non-volatile material systems.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46891-8

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