Hidden impacts of ocean warming and acidification on biological responses of marine animals revealed through meta-analysis

Katharina Alter (), Juliette Jacquemont, Joachim Claudet, María E. Lattuca, María E. Barrantes, Stefano Marras, Patricio H. Manríquez, Claudio P. González, Daniel A. Fernández, Myron A. Peck, Carlo Cattano, Marco Milazzo, Felix C. Mark and Paolo Domenici
Additional contact information
Katharina Alter: Department of Coastal Systems
Juliette Jacquemont: University of Washington
Joachim Claudet: Maison de l’Océan
María E. Lattuca: Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET)
María E. Barrantes: Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (UNTDF - ICPA)
Stefano Marras: Instituto per lo studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino. Località Sa Mardini
Patricio H. Manríquez: Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA)
Claudio P. González: Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA)
Daniel A. Fernández: Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET)
Myron A. Peck: Department of Coastal Systems
Carlo Cattano: National Biodiversity Future Center
Marco Milazzo: National Biodiversity Future Center
Felix C. Mark: Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
Paolo Domenici: Instituto per lo studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino. Località Sa Mardini

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Conflicting results remain on the impacts of climate change on marine organisms, hindering our capacity to predict the future state of marine ecosystems. To account for species-specific responses and for the ambiguous relation of most metrics to fitness, we develop a meta-analytical approach based on the deviation of responses from reference values (absolute change) to complement meta-analyses of directional (relative) changes in responses. Using this approach, we evaluate responses of fish and invertebrates to warming and acidification. We find that climate drivers induce directional changes in calcification, survival, and metabolism, and significant deviations in twice as many biological responses, including physiology, reproduction, behavior, and development. Widespread deviations of responses are detected even under moderate intensity levels of warming and acidification, while directional changes are mostly limited to more severe intensity levels. Because such deviations may result in ecological shifts impacting ecosystem structures and processes, our results suggest that climate change will likely have stronger impacts than those previously predicted based on directional changes alone.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47064-3

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