Legume rhizodeposition promotes nitrogen fixation by soil microbiota under crop diversification

Mengjie Qiao, Ruibo Sun, Zixuan Wang, Kenneth Dumack, Xingguang Xie, Chuanchao Dai, Ertao Wang, Jizhong Zhou, Bo Sun, Xinhua Peng, Michael Bonkowski and Yan Chen ()
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Mengjie Qiao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ruibo Sun: Anhui Agricultural University
Zixuan Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Kenneth Dumack: University of Cologne
Xingguang Xie: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chuanchao Dai: Nanjing Normal University
Ertao Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jizhong Zhou: University of Oklahoma
Bo Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xinhua Peng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Michael Bonkowski: University of Cologne
Yan Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Biological nitrogen fixation by free-living bacteria and rhizobial symbiosis with legumes plays a key role in sustainable crop production. Here, we study how different crop combinations influence the interaction between peanut plants and their rhizosphere microbiota via metabolite deposition and functional responses of free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Based on a long-term (8 year) diversified cropping field experiment, we find that peanut co-cultured with maize and oilseed rape lead to specific changes in peanut rhizosphere metabolite profiles and bacterial functions and nodulation. Flavonoids and coumarins accumulate due to the activation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways in peanuts. These changes enhance the growth and nitrogen fixation activity of free-living bacterial isolates, and root nodulation by symbiotic Bradyrhizobium isolates. Peanut plant root metabolites interact with Bradyrhizobium isolates contributing to initiate nodulation. Our findings demonstrate that tailored intercropping could be used to improve soil nitrogen availability through changes in the rhizosphere microbiome and its functions.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47159-x

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