Quantum simulation of the bosonic Kitaev chain

Jamal H. Busnaina, Zheng Shi, Alexander McDonald, Dmytro Dubyna, Ibrahim Nsanzineza, Jimmy S. C. Hung, C. W. Sandbo Chang, Aashish A. Clerk and Christopher M. Wilson ()
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Jamal H. Busnaina: University of Waterloo
Zheng Shi: University of Waterloo
Alexander McDonald: University of Chicago
Dmytro Dubyna: University of Waterloo
Ibrahim Nsanzineza: University of Waterloo
Jimmy S. C. Hung: University of Waterloo
C. W. Sandbo Chang: University of Waterloo
Aashish A. Clerk: University of Chicago
Christopher M. Wilson: University of Waterloo

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Superconducting quantum circuits are a natural platform for quantum simulations of a wide variety of important lattice models describing topological phenomena, spanning condensed matter and high-energy physics. One such model is the bosonic analog of the well-known fermionic Kitaev chain, a 1D tight-binding model with both nearest-neighbor hopping and pairing terms. Despite being fully Hermitian, the bosonic Kitaev chain exhibits a number of striking features associated with non-Hermitian systems, including chiral transport and a dramatic sensitivity to boundary conditions known as the non-Hermitian skin effect. Here, using a multimode superconducting parametric cavity, we implement the bosonic Kitaev chain in synthetic dimensions. The lattice sites are mapped to frequency modes of the cavity, and the in situ tunable complex hopping and pairing terms are created by parametric pumping at the mode-difference and mode-sum frequencies, respectively. We experimentally demonstrate important precursors of nontrivial topology and the non-Hermitian skin effect in the bosonic Kitaev chain, including chiral transport, quadrature wavefunction localization, and sensitivity to boundary conditions. Our experiment is an important first step towards exploring genuine many-body non-Hermitian quantum dynamics.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47186-8

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