Multiscale architecture design of 3D printed biodegradable Zn-based porous scaffolds for immunomodulatory osteogenesis

Shuang Li, Hongtao Yang (), Xinhua Qu, Yu Qin, Aobo Liu, Guo Bao, He Huang, Chaoyang Sun, Jiabao Dai, Junlong Tan, Jiahui Shi, Yan Guan, Wei Pan, Xuenan Gu, Bo Jia, Peng Wen (), Xiaogang Wang () and Yufeng Zheng ()
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Shuang Li: Beihang University
Hongtao Yang: Beihang University
Xinhua Qu: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Yu Qin: Peking University
Aobo Liu: Tsinghua University
Guo Bao: Department of Reproduction and Physiology National Research Institute for Family Planning
He Huang: Zhengzhou University
Chaoyang Sun: Beihang University
Jiabao Dai: Tsinghua University
Junlong Tan: Beihang University
Jiahui Shi: Peking University
Yan Guan: Peking University
Wei Pan: Peking University
Xuenan Gu: Beihang University
Bo Jia: Tsinghua University
Peng Wen: Tsinghua University
Xiaogang Wang: Beihang University
Yufeng Zheng: Peking University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract Reconciling the dilemma between rapid degradation and overdose toxicity is challenging in biodegradable materials when shifting from bulk to porous materials. Here, we achieve significant bone ingrowth into Zn-based porous scaffolds with 90% porosity via osteoinmunomodulation. At microscale, an alloy incorporating 0.8 wt% Li is employed to create a eutectoid lamellar structure featuring the LiZn4 and Zn phases. This microstructure optimally balances high strength with immunomodulation effects. At mesoscale, surface pattern with nanoscale roughness facilitates filopodia formation and macrophage spreading. At macroscale, the isotropic minimal surface G unit exhibits a proper degradation rate with more uniform feature compared to the anisotropic BCC unit. In vivo, the G scaffold demonstrates a heightened efficiency in promoting macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, subsequently leading to significantly elevated osteogenic markers, increased collagen deposition, and enhanced new bone formation. In vitro, transcriptomic analysis reveals the activation of JAK/STAT pathways in macrophages via up regulating the expression of Il-4, Il-10, subsequently promoting osteogenesis.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47189-5

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