Kinetically controlled metal-elastomer nanophases for environmentally resilient stretchable electronics

Soosang Chae, Won Jin Choi (), Lisa Julia Nebel, Chang Hee Cho, Quinn A. Besford, André Knapp, Pavlo Makushko, Yevhen Zabila, Oleksandr Pylypovskyi, Min Woo Jeong, Stanislav Avdoshenko, Oliver Sander, Denys Makarov, Yoon Jang Chung, Andreas Fery, Jin Young Oh () and Tae Il Lee ()
Additional contact information
Soosang Chae: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics
Won Jin Choi: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Lisa Julia Nebel: Technische Universität Dresden
Chang Hee Cho: Gachon University
Quinn A. Besford: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics
André Knapp: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics
Pavlo Makushko: Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research
Yevhen Zabila: Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research
Oleksandr Pylypovskyi: Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research
Min Woo Jeong: Kyung Hee University
Stanislav Avdoshenko: Institute for Solid State Research
Oliver Sander: Technische Universität Dresden
Denys Makarov: Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research
Yoon Jang Chung: Korea University
Andreas Fery: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics
Jin Young Oh: Kyung Hee University
Tae Il Lee: Gachon University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Nanophase mixtures, leveraging the complementary strengths of each component, are vital for composites to overcome limitations posed by single elemental materials. Among these, metal-elastomer nanophases are particularly important, holding various practical applications for stretchable electronics. However, the methodology and understanding of nanophase mixing metals and elastomers are limited due to difficulties in blending caused by thermodynamic incompatibility. Here, we present a controlled method using kinetics to mix metal atoms with elastomeric chains on the nanoscale. We find that the chain migration flux and metal deposition rate are key factors, allowing the formation of reticular nanophases when kinetically in-phase. Moreover, we observe spontaneous structural evolution, resulting in gyrified structures akin to the human brain. The hybridized gyrified reticular nanophases exhibit strain-invariant metallic electrical conductivity up to 156% areal strain, unparalleled durability in organic solvents and aqueous environments with pH 2–13, and high mechanical robustness, a prerequisite for environmentally resilient devices.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47223-6

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