Spatially revealed roles for lncRNAs in Drosophila spermatogenesis, Y chromosome function and evolution

Zhantao Shao, Jack Hu, Allison Jandura, Ronit Wilk, Matthew Jachimowicz, Lingfeng Ma, Chun Hu, Abby Sundquist, Indrani Das, Phillip Samuel-Larbi, Julie A. Brill () and Henry M. Krause ()
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Zhantao Shao: University of Toronto
Jack Hu: University of Toronto
Allison Jandura: University of Toronto
Ronit Wilk: University of Toronto
Matthew Jachimowicz: University of Toronto
Lingfeng Ma: University of Toronto
Chun Hu: University of Toronto
Abby Sundquist: University of Toronto
Indrani Das: University of Toronto
Phillip Samuel-Larbi: University of Toronto
Julie A. Brill: University of Toronto
Henry M. Krause: University of Toronto

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Unlike coding genes, the number of lncRNA genes in organism genomes is relatively proportional to organism complexity. From plants to humans, the tissues with highest numbers and levels of lncRNA gene expression are the male reproductive organs. To learn why, we initiated a genome-wide analysis of Drosophila lncRNA spatial expression patterns in these tissues. The numbers of genes and levels of expression observed greatly exceed those previously reported, due largely to a preponderance of non-polyadenylated transcripts. In stark contrast to coding genes, the highest numbers of lncRNAs expressed are in post-meiotic spermatids. Correlations between expression levels, localization and previously performed genetic analyses indicate high levels of function and requirement. More focused analyses indicate that lncRNAs play major roles in evolution by controlling transposable element activities, Y chromosome gene expression and sperm construction. A new type of lncRNA-based particle found in seminal fluid may also contribute to reproductive outcomes.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47346-w

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