Annelid adult cell type diversity and their pluripotent cellular origins

Patricia Álvarez-Campos (), Helena García-Castro, Elena Emili, Alberto Pérez-Posada, Irene Olmo, Sophie Peron, David A. Salamanca-Díaz, Vincent Mason, Bria Metzger, Alexandra E. Bely, Nathan J. Kenny, B. Duygu Özpolat () and Jordi Solana ()
Additional contact information
Patricia Álvarez-Campos: Oxford Brookes University
Helena García-Castro: Oxford Brookes University
Elena Emili: Oxford Brookes University
Alberto Pérez-Posada: Oxford Brookes University
Irene Olmo: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Sophie Peron: Oxford Brookes University
David A. Salamanca-Díaz: Oxford Brookes University
Vincent Mason: Oxford Brookes University
Bria Metzger: Marine Biological Laboratory
Alexandra E. Bely: University of Maryland
Nathan J. Kenny: Oxford Brookes University
B. Duygu Özpolat: Marine Biological Laboratory
Jordi Solana: Oxford Brookes University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Abstract Many annelids can regenerate missing body parts or reproduce asexually, generating all cell types in adult stages. However, the putative adult stem cell populations involved in these processes, and the diversity of cell types generated by them, are still unknown. To address this, we recover 75,218 single cell transcriptomes of the highly regenerative and asexually-reproducing annelid Pristina leidyi. Our results uncover a rich cell type diversity including annelid specific types as well as novel types. Moreover, we characterise transcription factors and gene networks that are expressed specifically in these populations. Finally, we uncover a broadly abundant cluster of putative stem cells with a pluripotent signature. This population expresses well-known stem cell markers such as vasa, piwi and nanos homologues, but also shows heterogeneous expression of differentiated cell markers and their transcription factors. We find conserved expression of pluripotency regulators, including multiple chromatin remodelling and epigenetic factors, in piwi+ cells. Finally, lineage reconstruction analyses reveal computational differentiation trajectories from piwi+ cells to diverse adult types. Our data reveal the cell type diversity of adult annelids by single cell transcriptomics and suggest that a piwi+ cell population with a pluripotent stem cell signature is associated with adult cell type differentiation.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47401-6

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