Hybridizing carbonate and ether at molecular scales for high-energy and high-safety lithium metal batteries

Jiawei Chen, Daoming Zhang, Lei Zhu, Mingzhu Liu, Tianle Zheng, Jie Xu, Jun Li, Fei Wang, Yonggang Wang, Xiaoli Dong () and Yongyao Xia ()
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Jiawei Chen: Fudan University
Daoming Zhang: Ltd.
Lei Zhu: Fudan University
Mingzhu Liu: South China Normal University
Tianle Zheng: Shanghai University
Jie Xu: Fudan University
Jun Li: Ltd.
Fei Wang: Fudan University
Yonggang Wang: Fudan University
Xiaoli Dong: Fudan University
Yongyao Xia: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Commonly-used ether and carbonate electrolytes show distinct advantages in active lithium-metal anode and high-voltage cathode, respectively. While these complementary characteristics hold promise for energy-dense lithium metal batteries, such synergy cannot be realized solely through physical blending. Herein, a linear functionalized solvent, bis(2-methoxyethyl) carbonate (BMC), is conceived by intramolecularly hybridizing ethers and carbonates. The integration of the electron-donating ether group with the electron-withdrawing carbonate group can rationalizes the charge distribution, imparting BMC with notable oxidative/reductive stability and relatively weak solvation ability. Furthermore, BMC also offers advantages including the ability to slightly dissolve LiNO3, excellent thermostability and nonflammability. Consequently, the optimized BMC-based electrolyte, even with typical concentrations in the single solvent, demonstrates high-voltage tolerance (4.4 V) and impressive Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency (99.4%). Moreover, it fulfills practical lithium metal batteries with satisfactory cycling performance and exceptional tolerance towards thermal/mechanical abuse, showcasing its suitability for safe high-energy lithium metal batteries.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47448-5

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