Empowering high-dimensional optical fiber communications with integrated photonic processors

Kaihang Lu, Zengqi Chen, Hao Chen, Wu Zhou, Zunyue Zhang, Hon Ki Tsang () and Yeyu Tong ()
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Kaihang Lu: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)
Zengqi Chen: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)
Hao Chen: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)
Wu Zhou: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)
Zunyue Zhang: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories
Hon Ki Tsang: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories
Yeyu Tong: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) in optical fibers enables multichannel capabilities for various applications, including data transmission, quantum networks, imaging, and sensing. However, high-dimensional optical fiber systems, usually necessity bulk-optics approaches for launching different orthogonal fiber modes into the optical fiber, and multiple-input multiple-output digital electronic signal processing at the receiver to undo the arbitrary mode scrambling introduced by coupling and transmission in a multi-mode fiber. Here we show that a high-dimensional optical fiber communication system can be implemented by a reconfigurable integrated photonic processor, featuring kernels of multichannel mode multiplexing transmitter and all-optical descrambling receiver. Effective mode management can be achieved through the configuration of the integrated optical mesh. Inter-chip MDM optical communications involving six spatial- and polarization modes was realized, despite the presence of unknown mode mixing and polarization rotation in the circular-core optical fiber. The proposed photonic integration approach holds promising prospects for future space-division multiplexing applications.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47907-z

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