Towards a molecular picture of the archaeal cell surface

Matthew C. Gaines, Michail N. Isupov, Mathew McLaren, Clara L. Mollat, Risat Ul Haque, Jake K. Stephenson, Shamphavi Sivabalasarma, Cyril Hanus, Daniel Kattnig, Vicki A. M. Gold, Sonja Albers and Bertram Daum ()
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Matthew C. Gaines: University of Exeter
Michail N. Isupov: University of Exeter
Mathew McLaren: University of Exeter
Clara L. Mollat: University of Freiburg
Risat Ul Haque: University of Exeter
Jake K. Stephenson: University of Exeter
Shamphavi Sivabalasarma: University of Freiburg
Cyril Hanus: Inserm UMR1266 -Université Paris Cité
Daniel Kattnig: University of Exeter
Vicki A. M. Gold: University of Exeter
Sonja Albers: University of Freiburg
Bertram Daum: University of Exeter

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Archaea produce various protein filaments with specialised functions. While some archaea produce only one type of filament, the archaeal model species Sulfolobus acidocaldarius generates four. These include rotary swimming propellers analogous to bacterial flagella (archaella), pili for twitching motility (Aap), adhesive fibres (threads), and filaments facilitating homologous recombination upon UV stress (UV pili). Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy to describe the structure of the S. acidocaldarius archaellum at 2.0 Å resolution, and update the structures of the thread and the Aap pilus at 2.7 Å and 2.6 Å resolution, respectively. We define features unique to archaella of the order Sulfolobales and compare their structure to those of Aap and threads in the context of the S-layer. We define distinct N-glycan patterns in the three filaments and identify a putative O-glycosylation site in the thread. Finally, we ascertain whether N-glycan truncation leads to structural changes in archaella and Aap.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53986-9

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