Emergence of steady quantum transport in a superconducting processor

Pengfei Zhang, Yu Gao, Xiansong Xu, Ning Wang, Hang Dong, Chu Guo, Jinfeng Deng, Xu Zhang, Jiachen Chen, Shibo Xu, Ke Wang, Yaozu Wu, Chuanyu Zhang, Feitong Jin, Xuhao Zhu, Aosai Zhang, Yiren Zou, Ziqi Tan, Zhengyi Cui, Zitian Zhu, Fanhao Shen, Tingting Li, Jiarun Zhong, Zehang Bao, Liangtian Zhao, Jie Hao (), Hekang Li, Zhen Wang, Chao Song, Qiujiang Guo, H. Wang () and Dario Poletti ()
Additional contact information
Pengfei Zhang: Zhejiang University
Yu Gao: Zhejiang University
Xiansong Xu: Singapore University of Technology and Design
Ning Wang: Zhejiang University
Hang Dong: Zhejiang University
Chu Guo: Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography
Jinfeng Deng: Zhejiang University
Xu Zhang: Zhejiang University
Jiachen Chen: Zhejiang University
Shibo Xu: Zhejiang University
Ke Wang: Zhejiang University
Yaozu Wu: Zhejiang University
Chuanyu Zhang: Zhejiang University
Feitong Jin: Zhejiang University
Xuhao Zhu: Zhejiang University
Aosai Zhang: Zhejiang University
Yiren Zou: Zhejiang University
Ziqi Tan: Zhejiang University
Zhengyi Cui: Zhejiang University
Zitian Zhu: Zhejiang University
Fanhao Shen: Zhejiang University
Tingting Li: Zhejiang University
Jiarun Zhong: Zhejiang University
Zehang Bao: Zhejiang University
Liangtian Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jie Hao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hekang Li: Zhejiang University
Zhen Wang: Zhejiang University
Chao Song: Zhejiang University
Qiujiang Guo: Zhejiang University
H. Wang: Zhejiang University
Dario Poletti: Singapore University of Technology and Design

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Non-equilibrium quantum transport is crucial to technological advances ranging from nanoelectronics to thermal management. In essence, it deals with the coherent transfer of energy and (quasi-)particles through quantum channels between thermodynamic baths. A complete understanding of quantum transport thus requires the ability to simulate and probe macroscopic and microscopic physics on equal footing. Using a superconducting quantum processor, we demonstrate the emergence of non-equilibrium steady quantum transport by emulating the baths with qubit ladders and realising steady particle currents between the baths. We experimentally show that the currents are independent of the microscopic details of bath initialisation, and their temporal fluctuations decrease rapidly with the size of the baths, emulating those predicted by thermodynamic baths. The above characteristics are experimental evidence of pure-state statistical mechanics and prethermalisation in non-equilibrium many-body quantum systems. Furthermore, by utilising precise controls and measurements with single-site resolution, we demonstrate the capability to tune steady currents by manipulating the macroscopic properties of the baths, including filling and spectral properties. Our investigation paves the way for a new generation of experimental exploration of non-equilibrium quantum transport in strongly correlated quantum matter.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54332-9

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