Re-localization of a repeat-containing fungal effector by apoplastic protein Chitinase-like 1 blocks its toxicity

Hanqiao Liu, Wenshu Zhang, Qinqfei He, Reyila Aikemu, Huijuan Xu, Zhan Guo, Lu Wang, Weixi Li, Guilin Wang, Xinyu Wang () and Wangzhen Guo ()
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Hanqiao Liu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Wenshu Zhang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Qinqfei He: Nanjing Agricultural University
Reyila Aikemu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Huijuan Xu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Zhan Guo: Nanjing Agricultural University
Lu Wang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Weixi Li: Nanjing Agricultural University
Guilin Wang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Xinyu Wang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Wangzhen Guo: Nanjing Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-19

Abstract: Abstract A fungal effector that is toxic to plant cells was identified in Verticillium dahliae. The effector contains a non-canonical Common in several Fungal Extracellular Membrane proteins (CFEM) domain, a tandem repeat region consisting of four 14-amino acid repeats rich in proline, and a C-terminal region, thus is designated V. dahliae tetrapeptide repeat protein (VdTRP). The membrane targeting of VdTRP is vital for its cell toxicity. CFEM mediates the membrane targeting and the tandem repeat region exerts the toxic function upon cell membrane. The chitinase-like 1 (CTL1), an essential apoplastic protein of cotton, can redirect VdTRP from cell membrane to apoplast. Transgenic cotton overexpressing CTL1 greatly enhances cotton resistance to V. dahliae without affecting cotton growth and development, implicating its potential application in breeding cotton with high wilt resistance. Our data demonstrates that genetic manipulation of effector target constitutes potential strategy for improving crop resistance to fungal pathogens.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54470-0

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